Indwara ya mpox,izwi nka monkeypox, ikomeje kuba ikibazo cy'ubuzima rusange mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi, cyane cyane muri Afurika. Ni indwara iterwa na virusi ya monkeypox virus kandi ikunze gukwirakwira binyuze mu guhura bya hafi n’umuntu cyangwa inyamaswa yanduye. Raporo ya World Health Organization (WHO) igaragaza ko kuva muri Mutarama 2022 kugeza ku wa 31 Nyakanga 2026, ibihugu n’uduce 145 byari byaratangaje abantu 190,683 barwaye mpox bemejwe, barimo 529 bapfuye. WHO ivuga kandi ko hafi bibiri bya gatatu by’abanduye batangajwe muri icyo gihe bari muri Afurika. Mpox iterwa na monkeypox

Indwara ya mpox,izwi nka monkeypox, ikomeje kuba ikibazo cy'ubuzima rusange mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi, cyane cyane muri Afurika. Ni indwara iterwa na virusi ya monkeypox virus kandi ikunze gukwirakwira binyuze mu guhura bya hafi n’umuntu cyangwa inyamaswa yanduye. Raporo ya World Health Organization (WHO) igaragaza ko kuva muri Mutarama 2022 kugeza ku wa 31 Nyakanga 2026, ibihugu n’uduce 145 byari byaratangaje abantu 190,683 barwaye mpox bemejwe, barimo 529 bapfuye. WHO ivuga kandi ko hafi bibiri bya gatatu by’abanduye batangajwe muri icyo gihe bari muri Afurika. Mpox iterwa na monkeypox virus (MPXV), virus yo mu muryango wa Orthopoxvirus. Virusi ishobora kuva ku nyamaswa ikajya ku muntu cyane cyane mu bice bya Afurika aho iyi ndwara imaze igihe iboneka. Ishobora kandi kuva ku muntu umwe ikajya ku wundi binyuze mu guhura bya hafi. Umuntu ashobora kwandura mpox iyo ahuye bya hafi n’umuntu wanduye, cyane cyane akora ku bisebe cyangwa ku ruhu rwanduye. Kandi virusi ishobora gukwirakwira binyuze mu gukoranaho byahafi n’umurwayi cyangwa gukoresha ibintu byandujwe n’umuntu wanduye, nk’imyenda, amashuka cyangwa amasume. Mu bice bimwe bya Afurika transimission ishobora no kuva ku nyamaswa yanduye ikajya ku muntu. Ibimenyetso bya mpox bishobora gutandukana bitewe n’umuntu. Bimwe mu bikunze kugaragara ni: umuriro,kubabara umutwe,kubabara imitsi n'umugongo,umunaniro kubyimba utubyimba two mumubiri, kuribwa mumihogo no kugira ibisebe cyangwa utubyimba kuruhu. Ibisebe bishobora kugaragara ahantu hatandukanye ku mubiri, harimo mu maso, ku maboko, ku birenge cyangwa mu kanwa. WHO ivuga ko mpox ishobora gutera indwar ikomeye cyane cyane ku bana no ku bantu bafite  ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buri hasi. Ku bantu benshi, mpox irakira. Indwara ishobora kumara hafi ibyumweru bibiri kugeza kuri bine, ariko igihe cyo gukira gishobora gutandukana bitewe n’imiterere y’umurwayi. Abantu bafite ibimenyetso bikomeye cyangwa abafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo by’indwara bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bwihariye. Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC) ni kimwe mu bihugu byagize uruhare runini mu cyorezo cya mpox muri Afurika. WHO ivuga ko Afurika ari yo ikomeje kugira umubare munini w’abandura muri iki cyorezo. Mu makuru ya WHO, Madagascar nayo yagaragaye ho iyindwara cyane. Raporo y’itariki ya 14 Nzeri 2026 ivuga ko kuva mu Kuboza 2025 kugeza ku wa 28 Kamena 2026, Madagascar yari imaze gutangaza 2,408 byemejwe, harimo abantu 14 bapfuye. WHO yavuze ko icyo gihe ari cyo cyorezo cya mpox cyari gifite transmission ikomeje cyane mu gihugu. Ibindi bihugu bya Afurika byagaragaye mu gukurikirana cyane mpox harimo Uganda, Burundi, Kenya na Sierra Leone. Ikigo cy’u Burayi gishinzwe gukumira no kurwanya indwara (ECDC) cyagaragaje DRC, Uganda, Madagascar, Burundi na Kenya mu bihugu bya Afurika byagaragayemo umubare ukomeye w’indwara ya mpox yo mu bwoko bwa clade I kuva mu 2025. Mpox ntabwo ari ikibazo cy’umubare w’abanduye gusa. Icyorezo cyagize ingaruka ku buzima bw’abaturage no kuri serivisi z’ubuzima. Mubihugu bifite transmission nyinshi, inzego z’ubuzima ziba zigomba kongera isuzuma, gukurikirana abanduye, kuvura abarwayi no gukingira abantu bafite ibyago byinshi. WHO ivuga ko mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe hakomeje kugaragara imbogamizi zirimo ubushobozi buke bwo kuvura, kubura inkingo zihagije n’ibibazo byo kugeza inkingo aho zikenewe. Abaturage bashobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura mpox, binyuze mu kwirinda guhura bya hafi n’umuntu ufite ibisebe cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bikekwa; kudakoresha hamwe imyenda, amashuka, amasume cyangwa ibindi bintu by’umuntu wanduye; gukarab intoki neza kandi kenshi; kwirinda gukorakora inyamaswa zirwaye cyangwa zapfuye mu bice mpox ibonekamo mu nyamaswa; umuntu ufite ibimenyetso bikekwa akajya kwa muganga kugira ngo asuzumwe. Inkingo  zikoreshwa mu gukumira mpox ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi, hakurikijwe gahunda z’inzego z’ubuzima. Isi yashyizeho gahunda yo kongera inkingo Ku wa 27 Kanama 2026, hatangijwe gahunda mpuzamahanga yo gushyiraho ububiko bw’inkingo za mpox, kugira ngo ibihugu bibashe kubona inkingo mu gihe habaye outbreak. WHO ivuga ko ubwo bubiko buzafasha ibihugu kubona inkingo ku gihe mu rwego rwo kurwanya ibyorezo no kurinda abantu bafite ibyago byinshi. Mpox ikomeje kuba ikibazo cy’ubuzima ku isi, ariko abantu benshi bayirwara barakira. Ikibazo gikomeye cyane kiri mu bice aho transmission ikomeje kandi ubushobozi bwo gupima, kuvura no gukingira. Kumenya ibimenyets, kwirinda guhura bya hafi n’umuntu wanduye no kwihutira kujya kwa muganga iyo umuntu afite ibimenyetso bikekwa ni ingenzi mu kugabanya ikwirakwira ry’iyi ndwara. Uwanditse: rahab iradukunda

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